Iyo inonzi iron art ine nhoroondo refu.Zvigadzirwa zvesimbi zvechinyakare zvinonyanya kushandiswa kushongedza zvivakwa, dzimba nemapindu.Zvigadzirwa zvesimbi zvekare zvakagadzirwa makore anosvika 2500 BC, uye Humambo hwevaHiti muAsia Minor hunoonekwa zvakanyanya senzvimbo yekuzvarwa kwesimbi art.
Vanhu vomunharaunda yevaHiti kuAsia Minor vaigadzira zvinhu zvakasiyana-siyana zvesimbi, zvakadai semapani esimbi, zvipunu zvesimbi, mapanga omukicheni, zvigero, zvipikiri, minondo, uye mapfumo.Izvi zvigadzirwa zvesimbi zvine hutsinye kana zvakanaka.Kunyatsotaura, izvi zvigadzirwa zvesimbi zvinofanirwa kunzi ironware kuti ive chaiyo.Nguva inofamba, sainzi uye tekinoroji zvavepo, uye mararamiro evanhu nezvavanoda zuva nezuva zvachinja zuva rega rega.Mumaoko ezvizvarwa zvesimbi uye muchoto chemoto wepfungwa, ironware yakarasa zvishoma nezvishoma "ngura" yayo yekare uye yakapenya.nokudaro kwakazvarwa zvitaera zvisingaperi zvezvigadzirwa zvesimbi.Iro basa rekare rehutema rakanyangarika zvishoma nezvishoma, uye ironware yakabviswa nekukurumidza hunyanzvi hwekuvandudza munhoroondo yesimbi curving.
1. Unyanzvi hwesimbi uye nharaunda yayo

Iron art inowirirana uye inofananidzira nenharaunda yakapoteredza.Mumusha mumwechete, uyu akasiyana nemumwe.Iyo A yakasiyana neB. Vanhu vanogona kusiyanisa zvitaera zvakawanda munzvimbo diki kwazvo, kubva kune imwe imba kuenda kune imwe, vachifunga yakanakisa aesthetic dhizaini, en-inobata curvature kana chimiro chinokatyamadza!

Chikamu uye maonero ane musoro, akanaka, ane hunyanzvi hwekubata kuitira kuti vanofamba-famba vagone kumira uye kuvayemura.Izvi zvigadzirwa zvesimbi zvinoratidzira zvinoravira zvetsika zvevaridzi vakasiyana uye mapoka evatengi, kunyanya mamwe emagariro evaraidzo nenzvimbo dzekudyira.Vanhu vakapfuma uye vanokudzwa vanogona kuva namambo akadaro wezvigadzirwa zvesimbi zvinodhura, izvo zvekare kubva muzana remakore rechigumi nemanomwe kana gumi nemasere.

2. Eco-ushamwari zvigadzirwa
Zvizhinji zvezvigadzirwa zvesimbi zvinoteerana nekuchengetedzwa kwezvakatipoteredza.Padivi peiyi eco-inoshamwaridzika zvimiro zvesimbi zvigadzirwa, zviri nyore kushanda uye curve.Nekugadzirwa kwakanaka, nzira inonzwisisika, hunyanzvi hwakasimba, zvigadzirwa zvinotaridzika zvakakwenenzverwa, kubvisa maburrs uye zvikwambo;matekiniki aya akasanganiswa neanorwisa-corrosion uye anti-ngura kurapwa uchishandisa yunifomu coating inopa vanhu zvigadzirwa zvinogara kwenguva refu.

Mazuva ano, vanhu vazhinji vanosarudza zvigadzirwa zvesimbi nekuda kwezvikonzero zveaboce.Simba, kuramba kwakanyanya kumhepo nemvura, kushandiswa kunogara kwenguva refu, kurwisa zvipembenene nezvimwe…

3.Economicalprocess.
Mari yekugadzira simbi ndeimwe nyaya.Nhasi, rumutsiriro uye kushandiswa kwakapararira kwesimbi art hakusi nyore kudzokorora kwenhoroondo.Kunyange muzana remakore rechi21, hapana simbi inokosha kupfuura iron, uye izvi zvave zviri zvechokwadi kwemakore anosvika zviuru zvitatu.Ores inoshanda yesimbi inoitika munharaunda yese yenyika, uye nzira dzakasiyana-siyana dzinogona kuburitsa mafomu esimbi ane huwandu hukuru hwezvinhu.Munhoroondo, kwave kune nzira nhatu dzakakosha dzesimbi: simbi yakapfurwa, simbi yakakandwa, uye simbi.Vavezi vanovimba zvizere neruzivo nekucherechedza vakawana imwe neimwe yemafomu aya uye vakaashandisa kwemazana emakore.Yakanga isiri kutozosvikira muzana ramakore rechi 19 apo misiyano inoumba pakati pavo yakanzwisiswa, zvikurukuru basa rekabhoni.

Simbi inopfurwa inenge simbi yakachena, simbi inogona kugadzirwa nyore nyore muforoji uye yakaoma asi iine ductile, zvichireva kuti inogona kurohwa kuita chimiro.Simbi yekukanda, kune rumwe rutivi, ine huwandu hwakacherechedzwa hwekabhoni, pamwe ingangosvika zvikamu zvishanu kubva muzana, yakasanganiswa nesimbi (mune zvese makemikari nemuviri musanganiswa).Izvi zvinoumba chigadzirwa icho, kusiyana nesimbi yakagadzirwa, inogona kunyungudutswa muchoto chemarasha uye nokudaro inodururwa uye inokandwa mumhando.Iyo yakaoma zvikuru asi zvakare brittle.Kubva kare, simbi yakaumbwa ndiyo yakagadzirwa nemoto wemoto, yakatanga kushandiswa nevapfuri vesimbi vekuChina zvichida makore 2,500 apfuura.

Kwezana remakore rapfuura nehafu, chimiro chakakosha chesimbi chave chiri simbi.Simbi ndeyemhando huru yezvigadzirwa, izvo zvivakwa zvinoenderana nezvose pahuwandu hwekabhoni hurimo-kazhinji pakati pe0.5 ne2 muzana-uye pane zvimwe zvinosanganiswa zvinhu.Kazhinji, simbi inosanganisa kuoma kwesimbi nekuoma kwesimbi yakakandwa, saka munhoroondo yave ichikosheswa kushandiswa kwakadai semashizha nezvitubu.Pamberi pepakati pezana ramakore rechi 19, kuwana chiyero ichi chezvivakwa chaida hunyanzvi hwemhando yepamusoro, asi kuwanikwa kwezvishandiso zvitsva uye matekiniki, akadai sekunyungudutsa kwevhu rakavhurika uye nzira yeBessemer (yekutanga isingadhure indasitiri yekugadzira simbi yakawanda. kubva kusimbi), yakagadzirwa simbi yakachipa uye yakawanda, ichibvisa vadzivisi vayo kunenge kushandiswa kwese.

Chikonzero chiri shure kweiyi iron art kubudirira ingori yakaderera mutengo maitiro.